10.1055/b-0034-56519 Phase 1 Therapy Causal, Antimicrobial, Non-surgical Therapy Primary prevention—the early prevention of disease—is initially the responsibility of parents. Using simple, non-traumatic tooth brushing methods, the small child is gently…
10.1055/b-0034-56514 Prevention—Prophylaxis: Dentistry: Caries, Gingivitis, Periodontitis Prevention—Prophylaxis: Dentistry: Caries, Gingivitis, Periodontitis Maintenance of Health and Prevention of Disease … … are the noblest goals of modern medicine! For the patient,…
10.1055/b-0034-56511 Additional Diagnosis—Tests Microbiologic Tests Tests of Host Response The classical clinical examination methods were presented in the previous pages (pp. 168–175). New tests have become available in recent years,…
10.1055/b-0034-56495 Introduction “Periodontology” is the study of the tooth-supporting tissues, the “periodontium.” The periodontium is made up of those tissues that surround each tooth and which anchor each tooth into…
10.1055/b-0034-56501 Epidemiology Descriptive epidemiology deals with the occurrence, the severity and the distribution of diseases, as well as physical and/or mental incapacity, or mortality, in any selected population. Analytical epidemiology…
10.1055/b-0034-56502 Types of Plaque-associated Periodontal Diseases Gingivitis—Periodontitis The general term “periodontal diseases” encompasses inflammatory as well as recessive alterations within the gingiva and the periodontium (Page & Schroeder 1982; AAP…
10.1055/b-0034-56497 Etiology and Pathogenesis The most common diseases of the tooth-supporting apparatus are plaque-induced, usually chronic, inflammatory alterations in the gingiva and the subjacent periodontal structures. Gingivitis may persist for…
10.1055/b-0034-77711 ■ Part 1. Surgical Anatomy and General Considerations The paired orbits represent a common meeting place of cranial and facial bones. At a key intersection, the orbits protect the…
10.1055/b-0034-77712 ■ Part 2. Operative Technique and Exemplary Repair For several decades, operative repair of the orbit created controversy. Fortunately in recent years, the anatomy of the orbit and indications…
10.1055/b-0034-77703 ■ Part 2. Operative Technique and Exemplary Repair Occlusion is a dynamic concept, and, according to Sicher, occlusal positions are “all those in which contact between some or all…
10.1055/b-0034-77705 ■ Part 1. Surgical Anatomy and General Considerations Five bones (the frontal, ethmoid, sphenoid, temporal, and occipital) house the central nervous system and constitute the cranial base. Although the…
10.1055/b-0034-77709 ■ Part 2. Operative Technique and Exemplary Repair Permutations of nasal-nasoseptal, nasomaxillary, orbito-ethmoid, and orbitosphenoid injury in the adult are evident clinically and in the laboratory after induced trauma….
10.1055/b-0034-77706 ■ Part 2. Operative Technique and Exemplary Repair Injury to the anterior cranial vault may conveniently be perceived as a cascade, 11 similar to that suggested by Sturla for…
10.1055/b-0034-77715 ■ Part 2. Operative Technique and Exemplary Repair Following World War II and during the ensuing decades, surgical repair of combined injuries of the cranium and face was primarily…
10.1055/b-0034-77714 ■ Part 1. Surgical Anatomy and General Considerations The 22 bones of the craniofacial skeleton are remarkably resilient and able to tolerate and instantly distribute a wide range of…
10.1055/b-0034-77708 ■ Part 1. Surgical Anatomy and General Considerations The central upper face is at the intersection of the cranium and face and may be divided into four compartments: nasal-nasoseptal,…
10.1055/b-0034-77699 ■ Part 1. Surgical Anatomy and General Considerations The Palatal Platform The hard palate is the platform upon which the seven craniomaxillofacial buttresses, three posterior and four anterior, reside.1…
10.1055/b-0034-77702 ■ Part 1. Surgical Anatomy and General Considerations The Mandible as a Tubular Bone The mandible is basically a tubular long bone, the tooth-bearing portion of which is bent…
10.1055/b-0034-77700 ■ Part 2. Operative Technique and Exemplary Repair The repair of palatal fractures is today quite different than that chosen several decades ago.1 , 2 , 19 During World…
10.1055/b-0034-77697 ■ Part 2. Current Principles of Repair The craniofacial skeleton in terms of repair can be conceptualized as three functional and morphological units, created by division at the Le…
