2: Osteology

CHAPTER 2

OSTEOLOGY

Overview

Bones of the Skull

Views and Sutures

Major Foramina and Fissures

Cervical Vertebrae

Clinical Correlates

Questions

Overview

GENERAL INFORMATION

Most complicated bony structure in the human body

The complete bony framework of the head; includes the mandible

28 individual bones make up the skull:

11 are paired

6 are single

Wormian bones, or sutural bones, are irregularly shaped small bones found along sutures that occur naturally

FUNCTIONS

Most important function: to protect the brain

Also protects the 5 organs of special sense:

Olfaction

Vision

Taste

Vestibular function

Auditory function

DIVISIONS

Two major ways to divide the bones of the skull:

Regional

Developmental

Regionally, the skull is divided into the mandible (lower jaw) and cranium (skull without the mandible)

Cranium is further divided into:

Cranial vault–upper portion of the skull

Cranial base–inferior portion of the skull

Cranial cavity–interior of the skull

Facial skeleton–bones that make up the face

Acoustic skeleton–ear ossicles

Developmentally, the skull is divided into:

Viscerocranium–the portion of the skull related to the digestive and respiratory systems

Neurocranium–the portion of the skull that protects the brain and the 5 organs of special sense

Cranial cavity divisions:

Anterior cranial fossa–contains the frontal lobe of the brain

Middle cranial fossa–contains the temporal lobe of the brain

Posterior cranial fossa–contains the cerebellum

Skull is depicted by observing it from 5 views:

Norma frontalis–the anterior view

Norma lateralis–the lateral view

Norma occipitalis–the posterior view

Norma basalis–the inferior view

Norma verticalis–the superior view

 

ARTICULATIONS

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Bones of the Skull

FRONTAL BONE

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PARIETAL BONE

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OCCIPITAL BONE

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TEMPORAL BONE

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SPHENOID BONE

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LACRIMAL BONE

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NASAL BONE

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ZYGOMATIC BONE (ZYGOMA)

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ETHMOID BONE

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VOMER

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Jan 5, 2015 | Posted by in General Dentistry | Comments Off on 2: Osteology

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